20,983 research outputs found
Assessing the ability of the 14C projection-age method to constrain the circulation of the past in a 3-D ocean model
Radiocarbon differences between benthic and planktonic foraminifera (B-P ages) and radiocarbon projection ages are both used to determine changes of the past ocean circulation rate. A global 3-D ocean circulation model with a constant modern ocean circulation is used to study which method is less influenced by atmospheric Δ14C variations. Three factors cause uncertainties: first, the long equilibration time of the ocean after atmospheric Δ14C changes; second, different mixing processes in the ocean, which cause an ocean response of smaller amplitude than the atmospheric forcing; and third, the unknown source region and corresponding initial surface 14C reservoir age of subsurface waters. The model suggests that B-P ages and projection ages have lower uncertainties the closer they are to deepwater formation zones. In the North Atlantic the B-P age method is less influenced by atmospheric Δ14C variations than the projection-age method. Projections ages vary less in the Pacific as long as atmospheric Δ14C decreases linearly. A more irregular atmospheric Δ14C evolution leads to age variations of similar magnitude with both methods. On the basis of the model experiment, we suggest a potential improvement of the projection-age method
The lost sunspot cycle: New support from Be10 measurements
It has been suggested that the deficit in the number of spots on the surface
of the Sun between 1790 and 1830, known as the Dalton minimum, contained an
extra cycle that was not identified in the original sunspot record by Wolf.
Though this cycle would be shorter and weaker than the average solar cycle, it
would shift the magnetic parity of the solar magnetic field of the earlier
cycles. This extra cycle is sometimes referred to as the 'lost solar cycle' or
'cycle 4b'. Here we reanalyse Be10 measurements with annual resolution from the
NGRIP ice core in Greenland in order to investigate if the hypothesis regarding
a lost sunspot cycle is supported by these measurements. Specifically, we make
use of the fact that the Galactic cosmic rays, responsible for forming Be10 in
the Earth's atmosphere, are affected differently by the open solar magnetic
field during even and odd solar cycles. This fact enables us to evaluate if the
numbering of cycles earlier than cycle 5 is correct. For the evaluation, we use
Bayesian analysis, which reveals that the lost sunspot cycle hypothesis is
likely to be correct. We also discuss if this cycle 4b is a real cycle, or a
phase catastrophe, and what implications this has for our understanding of
stellar activity cycles in general.Comment: accepted for publication in A&
Spectral Properties near the Mott Transition in the One-Dimensional Hubbard Model
Single-particle spectral properties near the Mott transition in the
one-dimensional Hubbard model are investigated by using the dynamical
density-matrix renormalization group method and the Bethe ansatz. The
pseudogap, hole-pocket behavior, spectral-weight transfer, and upper Hubbard
band are explained in terms of spinons, holons, antiholons, and doublons. The
Mott transition is characterized by the emergence of a gapless mode whose
dispersion relation extends up to the order of hopping t (spin exchange J) in
the weak (strong) interaction regime caused by infinitesimal doping.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Performance of VBR packer video communications on an ethernet LAN: A trace-driven simulation study
Provision of multimedia communication services on today’s packet-switched network infrastructure is becoming increasingly feasible. However, there remains a lack of information regarding the performance of multimedia sources operating in bursty data traffic conditions. In this study, a videotelephony system deployed on the Ethernet LAN is simulated, employing high time-resolution LAN traces as the data traffic load. In comparison with Poisson traffic models, the trace-driven cases produce highly variable packet delays, and higher packet loss, thereby degrading video traffic performance. In order to compensate for these effects, a delay control scheme based on a timed packet dropping algorithm is examined. Simulations of the scheme indicate that improvements in real time loss rates of videotelphony sources can be achieved
Semiclassical description of the kinematically complete experiments
Based on the semiclassical, impact parameter method a theoretical model is
constructed to calculate totally differential cross sections for single
ionization of helium by impact with fast C ions. Good agreement with the
experiment is achieved in the scattering plane, while in the perpendicular
plane a similar structure to that observed experimentally is obtained. The
contribution of different partial waves to the cross section is also
investigated.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figure
On the metal-insulator transition in the two-chain model of correlated fermions
The doping-induced metal-insulator transition in two-chain systems of
correlated fermions is studied using a solvable limit of the t-J model and the
fact that various strong- and weak-coupling limits of the two-chain model are
in the same phase, i.e. have the same low-energy properties. It is shown that
the Luttinger-liquid parameter K_\rho takes the universal value unity as the
insulating state (half-filling) is approached, implying dominant d-type
superconducting fluctuations, independently of the interaction strength. The
crossover to insulating behavior of correlations as the transition is
approached is discussed.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figur
Electron spin relaxation in organic semiconductors probed through muSR
Muon spin spectroscopy and in particular the avoided level crossing technique
is introduced, with the aim of showing it as a very sensitive local probe for
electron spin relaxation in organic semiconductors. Avoided level crossing data
on TMS-pentacene at different temperatures are presented, and they are analysed
to extract the electron spin relaxation rate, that is shown to increase on
increasing the temperature from 0.02 MHz to 0.33 MHz at 3 K and 300 K
respectively.Comment: International Conference TSN2010 "Trends in spintronics and
nanomagnetism
The phase diagram of the anisotropic Spin-1 Heisenberg Chain
We applied the Density Matrix Renormalization Group to the XXZ spin-1 quantum
chain. In studing this model we aim to clarify controversials about the point
where the massive Haldane phase appears.Comment: 2 pages (standart LaTex), 1 figure (PostScript) uuencode
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